Cyberbullying. A Review of International Research about the Representations, Prevalences, Effects and Explanations of the Phenomenon
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35588/a71vky06Keywords:
Cyberbullying, review of scholarly writings, avenues of researchAbstract
This article focuses on "cyberbullying", that is, speech acts produced and distributed with digital technologies and media, the purpose of which is to harm others. It looks at the case of research on adolescents. It offers a review of English language research on the representations, prevalence, effects and explanations of the phenomenon. It highlights the epistemological and methodological limits of research that does not take into account the lessons to be learned from research on traditional bullying and the daily media use of young people. The article begins by explaining that the term "cyberbullying" covers a multitude of high-profile child abuse situations. It shows that cyberbullying is a less common social problem than the first investigations on the subject suggest, and that its main effects on young victims are anger, frustration and sadness. It also reveals that in Chile and other Latin American countries, the differences between boys and girls are smaller than elsewhere in the world when it comes to the number of victims and perpetrators. He also explains that, in the light of some research, adolescents may have good reason to commit cyberbullying. In conclusion, leads are proposed for descriptive and explanatory research on cyberbullying in Latin America.
Downloads
References
Arias Ceróna, M., Buendía Eismanb, L. et Fernández Palomaresc, F. (2018). Grooming, Ciberbullying y Sexting en estudiantes en Chile según sexo y tipo de administración escolar. Revista Chilena de Pediatría, 89(3), 1-9.
Beran, T. et Li, Q. (2007). The Relationship between Cyberbullying and School Bullying. Journal of Student Wellbeing, 1(2), 15-33.
Besley, B. (2009). Cyberbullying. http://www.cyberbullying.org/.
Boudon, R. (2003). Raison, bonnes raisons. Paris: Presses universitaires de France.
Boyd, D. (2010). Social Network Sites as Networked Publics: Affordances, Dynamics, and Implications. Dans Z. Papacharissi (dir.), Networked Self: Identity, Community, and Culture on Social Network Sites (p. 39-58). New York: Routledge.
Boyd, D. (2014). It's complicated: The social lives of networked teens. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Cabra Torres, F. et Marciales Vivas, G. (2016). Cyberbullying and Education: A Review of Emergent Issues in Latin America Research. Dans R. Navarro, S. Yubero & E. Larrañaga (dir.), Cyberbullying Across the Globe : Gender, Family, and Mental Health. Springer International Publishing: Springer.
Cassidy, W., Jackson, M. et Brown, K. N. (2009). Sticks and stones can break my bones, but how can pixels hurt me? School Psychology International, 30, 383-402.
Cénat, J. M., Hébert, M., Blais, M., Lavoie, F., Guerrier, M. et Derivois, D. (2014). Cyberbullying, psychological distress and self-esteem among youth in Quebec schools. Journal of Affective Disorders, 169(7-9).
Commission de l’éthique de la science et de la technologie. (2009). Cyberintimidation : un regard éthique proposé par des jeunes. Québec Gouvernement du Québec.
Cook, C. R., Williams, K. R., Guerra, N. G., Kim, T. E. et Sadek, S. (2010). Predictors of Bullying and Victimization in Childhood and Adolescence: A Meta-analytic Investigation. School Psychology Quarterly, 25(2), 65-83.
Cwikel, J. G. (2006). Social epidemiology : strategies for public health activism. New York: Columbia University Press.
Dehue, F., Bolman, C. et Vollink, T. (2008). Cyberbullying: Youngsters’ experiences and parental perception. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 11, 217-223.
del Río Pérez, J., Bringue Sala, X., Sádaba Chalezquer, C. et González González, D. (sd). Cyberbullying: uma análise comparativa com estudantes de países da América Latina: Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colômbia, México, Peru e Venezuela. Communication présentée V CONGRÉS INTERNACIONAL COMUNICACIÓ I REALITAT.
Dempsey, A. G., Sulkowski, M. L., Nichols, R. et Storch, E. A. (2009). Differences between peer victimization in cyber and physical settings and associated psychosocial adjustment in early adolescence. Psychology in the Schools, 46(10), 962-972.
DeSmet, A., Bastiaensens, S., Cleemput, K. V., Poels, K., Vandebosch, H., Cardon, G. et Bourdeaudhuij, I. D. (2016). Deciding whether to look after them, to like it, or leave it : A multidimensional analysis of predictors of positive and negative bystander behavior in cyberbullying among adolescents. Computers in Human Behavior, 57, 398-415.
Dickinson, E. (2017). Globalization and migration : a world in motion. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield.
Didden, R., Scholte, R. H., Korzilius, H., de Moor, J. M., Vermeulen, A., O'Reilly, M., . . . Lancioni, G. E. (2009). Cyberbullying among students with intellectual and developmental disability in special education settings. Developmental Neurorehabilitation, 12(3), 146-151.
Finkelhor, D., Mitchell, K. J. et Wolak, J. (2000). Online victimization: A report on the nation’s youth. Alexandria: National Center for Missing and Exploited Children.
Haddon, L. et Livingstone, S. (2014). The Relationship between Offline and Oline Risks. Dans C. Von Feilitzen & J. Stenersen (dir.), Young People, Media and Health (p. 21-32). Göteborg: The International Clearinghouse on Children, Youth and Media.
Hinduja, S. et Patchin, J. W. (2008). Cyberbullying: An exploratory analysis of factors related to offending and victimization. Deviant Behavior, 29, 129-156.
Hinduja, S. et Patchin, J. W. (2010). Bullying, cyberbullying, and suicide. Archives of Suicide Research, 14(3), 206-221.
Juvoven, J. et Gross, E. F. (2008). Bullying experiences in cyberspace. The Journal of School Health, 78, 496-505.
Katzer, C., Fetchenhauer, D. et Belschak, F. (2009). Cyberbullying: Who are the victims? A comparison of victimization in Internet chatrooms and victimization in school. Journal of Media Psychology, 21(25-36).
Kowalski, R. M. et Limber, P. (2007). Electronic bullying among middle school students. Journal of Adolescent Health, 41, S22-S30.
Kowalski, R. M., Limber, S. P. et Agatston, P. W. (2012). Cyberbullying: Bullying in the Digital Age. (2e éd.). Malden: Blackwell.
Lenhart, A. (2007). Cyberbullying and online teens. Washington: Pew Internet & American Life Project.
Li, Q. (2007). Bullying in the new playground: research into cyberbullying and cyber victimisation. Australian Journal of Educational Technology, 23(4), 435-454.
Li, Q. (2008). A cross-cultural comparison of adolescents’ experience related to cyberbullying. Educational Research, 50, 223-234.
Marková, I. (2007). Dialogicité et représentations sociales. Paris: Presses universitaires de France.
Menay-López, L. et de la Fuente-Mella, H. (2014). Plataformas comunicacionales del ciberbullying. Una aplicación empírica en dos colegios de la quinta región, Chile. Estudios pedagógicos, 40(2).
Menesini, E., Nocentini, A., Palladino, B. E., Frisén, A., Berne, S., Ortega-Ruiz, R., . . . Smith, P. K. (2012). Cyberbullying definition among adolescents : A comparison across six European countries. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 15(9), 455-463.
Morgan, H. (2013). Malicious use of technology : What schools, parents, and teachers can do to prevent cyberbullying. Childhood Education, 89(3), 146-151.
Moscovici, S. (1976). La psychanalyse, son image et son public. (2e éd.). Paris: Presses universitaires de France.
Olweus, D. (1993). Bullying at School: What We Know and What We Can Do. Oxford: Blackwell.
Olweus, D. (2010). Understanding and researching bullying: Some critical issues. Dans S. R. Jimerson, S. M. Swearer & D. L. Espelage (dir.), The Handbook of School Bullying : An International Perspective (p. 9-33). London ; New York: Routledge.
Olweus, D. et Limber, S. P. (2018). Some problems with cyberbullying research. Current Opinion in Psychology, 19, 139-143.
Patchin, J. W. et Hinduja, S. (2006). Bullies Move Beyond the Schoolyard. Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice, 4(2), 148-169.
Patchin, J. W. et Hinduja, S. (2010). Cyberbullying and Self-Esteem. Journal of School Health, 80(12), 614-621.
Patchin, J. W. et Hinduja, S. (dir.). (2012). Cyberbullying prevention and response : expert perspectives. New York: Routledge.
Schneider, S. K., O’Donnell, L., Stueve, A. et Coulter, R. W. S. (2012). Cyberbullying, school bullying, and psychological distress: a regional census of high school students. American Journal of Public Health, 102, 171-177.
Slonje, R. et Smith, P. K. (2007). Cyberbullying: Another main type of bullying? Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 49(147-154).
Smith, P. K., Mahdavi, J., Carvalho, M., Fisher, S., Russell, S. et Tippett, N. (2008). Cyberbullying: Its nature and impact in secondary school pupils. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49(376-385).
Solberg, M. E. et Olweus, D. (2003). Prevalence Estimation of School Bullying With the Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire. AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR, 29, 239-268.
Steeves, V. (2014). Cyberbullying: Dealing with Online Meanness, Cruelty and Threats. Young Canadians in a Wired World, Phase III. Ottawa: MediaSmarts.
Sticca, F. et Perren, S. (2013). Is cyberbullying worse than traditional bullying? Examining the differential roles of medium, publicity, and anonymity for the perceived severity of bullying. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 42(5), 739-750.
Tokunaga, R. S. (2010). Following You Home from School: A Critical Review and Synthesis of Research on Cyberbullying Victimization. Computers in Human Behavior, 26, 277-287.
Topçu, C., Erdur-Baker, O. et Capa-Aydin, Y. (2008). Examination of cyberbullying experiences among Turkish students from different school types. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 11, 643-648.
Varela T., J., Pérez, J. C., Schwaderer Z., H., Astudillo, J. et Lecannelier A., F. (2014). Caracterización de cyberbullying en el gran Santiago de Chile, en el año 2010. Revista Quadrimestral da Associação Brasileira de Psicologia Escolar e Educacional, 18(2), 347-354.
Vega-López, M. G., González-Pérez, G. J. et Quintero-Vega, P. P. (2013). Ciberacoso: victimización de alumnos en escuelas secundarias públicas de Tlaquepaque, Jalisco, México. Revista de Educación y Desarrollo, 25, 13-20.
Wegge, D., Vandebosch, H., Eggermont, S. et Pabian, S. (2016). Popularity through online harm: the longitudinal associations between cyberbullying and sociometric status in early adolescence. Journal of Early Adolescence, 36(1), 86-107.
Willard, N. (2007). The authority and responsibility of school officials in responding to cyberbullying. Journal of Adolescent Health, 41, 64-65.
Williams, K. et Guerra, N. G. (2007). Prevalence and predictors of Internet bullying. Journal of Adolescent Health, 41, S14-S21.
Wolak, J., Mitchell, K. et Finkelhor, D. (2007). Does online harassment constitute bullying? An exploration of online harassment by known peers and online-only contacts. Journal of Adolescent Health, 41, S51-S58.
Ybarra, M. L. (2004). Linkages between depressive symptomatology and Internet harassment among young regular Internet users. CyberPsychology and Behavior, 7(2), 247-257.
Ybarra, M. L., Espelage, D. L. et Mitchell, K. J. (2007). The co-occurrence of Internet harassment and unwanted sexual solicitation victimization and perpetration: Associations with psychological indicators. Journal of Adolescent Health, 41, S31-S41.
Ybarra, M. L. et Mitchell, J. K. (2004). Online aggressor/targets, aggressors and targets: A comparison of associated youth characteristics. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 45, 1308-1316.
Ybarra, M. L. et Mitchell, J. K. (2008). How risky are social networking sites? A comparison of places online where youth sexual solicitation and harassment occurs. Pediatrics, 121, e350-e357.
Downloads
Submitted
2019-01-23Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2018 Mathieu Bégin
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
